Producción científica de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en bases de datos internacionales

Introducción: La difusión y visibilidad de la producción científica son cruciales para lograr un impacto significativo. En este sentido, las bases de datos con cobertura internacional juegan un papel fundamental. Objetivo: Este estudio buscó caracterizar la producción científica de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en 2022 mediante el análisis de tres bases de datos con cobertura internacional: Web of Science, Scopus y PubMed. Metodología: El estudio empleó un enfoque bibliométrico. Los registros bibliográficos fueron recolectados entre mayo y junio de 2023 utilizando la opción de búsqueda por afiliación "Universidad Nacional de Asunción" en las tres bases de datos. Los resultados de la búsqueda fueron filtrados en base a los criterios especificados por las bases de datos, limitando la búsqueda a artículos publicados en revistas científicas en el año 2022. Resultados: Se recogieron un total de 263 artículos, la mayoría de ellos publicados en revistas de alto impacto por editoriales reconocidas internacionalmente. El autor más prolífico tenía 30 artículos publicados, y la mayoría de los trabajos reflejaban la colaboración entre autores de la UNA como coautores. En cuanto al número de artículos por título de revista, el mayor número fue de 8, 7 y 4 artículos en Web of Science, Scopus y PubMed, respectivamente. Los editores más importantes de los artículos fueron Elsevier, Springer y Wiley, entre otros. Discusión: El análisis de los 263 artículos publicados indica la fuerte presencia de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en revistas de alto impacto y editoriales de renombre internacional, particularmente en el campo de la Psiquiatría debido a la relevancia de la pandemia en la salud mental. Destaca la colaboración internacional de los autores de la UNA, pero hay margen de mejora, como la presentación uniforme de la afiliación universitaria. La indexación de los artículos en bases de datos internacionales es crucial para la visibilidad.

Introduction: The dissemination and visibility of scientific production are crucial for achieving significant impact. In this regard, databases with international coverage play a vital role. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the scientific production of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción in 2022 by analyzing three databases with international coverage: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Methodology: The study employed a bibliometric approach. The bibliographic records were collected between May and June 2023 using the search option by affiliation "Universidad Nacional de Asunción" in the three databases. The search results were filtered based on the criteria specified by the databases, limiting the search to articles published in scientific journals in 2022. Results: A total of 263 articles were collected, with most of them published in high-impact journals by internationally recognized publishers. The most prolific author had 30 published articles, and most papers reflected collaboration between UNA authors as co-authors. Regarding the number of articles per journal title, the highest number was 8, 7, and 4 articles in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, respectively. The most important publishers of the articles were Elsevier, Springer, and Wiley, among others. Discussion: The analysis of the 263 published articles indicates the strong presence of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción in high-impact journals and internationally renowned publishers, particularly in the field of Psychiatry due to the relevance of the pandemic on mental health. The international collaboration of UNA authors stands out, but there is room for improvement, such as the uniform presentation of university affiliation. The indexing of the articles in international databases is crucial for visibility.

Digging in the dark: Unveiling the unlikely protagonists in medical science advancements - The grave robbers!

This research article aims to shed light on the unconventional profession of grave robbers and explore their unexpected contribution to medical knowledge. While initially seen as villains, grave robbers have inadvertently played a significant role in advancing medical science. By examining historical instances and controversial cases, this study delves into the positive outcomes resulting from their unconventional activities.

Using Scientific Articles on COVID-19 to Introduce the Nature of Scientific Knowledge to Medical Students.

It has been argued that, as evidence-based medicine emerged in the 1990s, healthcare practitioners are required to partake in more intricate and elaborate cognitive processes. As a result, knowing the characteristics and constraints of scientific knowledge - i.e., an advanced understanding of the Nature of Scientific Knowledge (NOSK) - has become progressively imperative. In this paper, we discuss snapshots of the research on SARS-CoV-2 that may be used in order to illustrate aspects of NOSK to medical students and how they may be introduced within teaching interventions.

Analysing the current status, hotspots, and future trends of technology management: Using the WoS and scopus database.

This study presents a comprehensive overview of the development process and the latest trends in technology management (TM), laying a robust foundation for further advancements in this domain. To achieve this, we analysed 1944 TM articles from the Web of Science database and 2642 articles from Scopus, spanning the last 20 years. Employing methodologies that involve scientific knowledge graphs and bibliometrics, we analysed diverse aspects such as changes in the annual publication of articles; geographical distribution among countries, institutions, disciplines, and authors; keyword co-occurrence and clusters; and timezone view. Our findings reveal a significant surge in TM's growth in recent years, showcasing its highly promising potential. The USA is the frontrunner in contributing to TM research, followed by China and the UK. TM research is relatively concentrated in the UK, while it appears more dispersed in China. The University of Cambridge had the highest volume of research, and the disciplines of Business, Management, Engineering, and Computer Science occupied the top spots. As TM evolves, a possible challenge could be the emergence of new authoritative authors. Second, TM's vibrant landscape is characterised by hotspots such as innovation, technology strategy, technology acquisition, technology application, technology standards, and sustainable development. Among these, information and medical technologies stand out as the most frequently referenced technologies. Third, the trends in TM are as follows: innovation is subdivided into technological innovation and open innovation, bibliometric analysis and patent analysis have become pivotal methods for knowledge management, the scope of TM has expanded from internal organisational processes to encompass external aspects, and TM is gradually evolving into a mature science, with its focus transitioning from macro to micro and becoming more profound and detailed. Last, Industry 4.0, artificial intelligence, big data, and the IoT represent the latest frontier technologies in the realm of TM.

Coherent at face value: Integration of forest carbon targets in Finnish policy strategies.

Carbon sequestration and capture have gained a central position in forest governance, alongside wood production and biodiversity conservation, resulting in calls for policy coherence and integration across the EU. While coherence is often a target in the technical assessment of the policy design, it is important to understand how incoherent policies are supported by disconnected or incongruent knowledge claims and epistemologies. We address the coherence of forest policy by analysing the content and knowledge claims in forest, bioeconomy, and biodiversity strategies of Finland, an EU member state in which forests have a strong economic, political, and cultural status. Focussing on the argumentation regarding forest carbon, our analysis shows that the policy domains remain largely disconnected and rely on differentiated knowledge bases. Despite the explicit claims about policy coherence, few genuine attempts have been made towards integration and coordination between the domains. Our analysis reveals the different logics with which climate change is to be governed, and the types of knowledge utilised and produced in the integration of forest carbon as a policy object. Our analysis suggests that policy strategies with sectoral foci facilitate incoherent policymaking due to unresolved trade-offs and knowledge disagreements. Knowledge used in the policy design and implementation processes should be discussed thoroughly, and thereby integrated.

Facing and Overcoming Pain Through Scientific Evidence: The Imperative of Exposure as a Psychological Technique for Cognitive Behavioral Treatments in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

On the basis of a research study on cognitive behavioral psychotherapies conducted between 2016 and 2020, this article analyzes exposure as a psychological technique focused on facing and overcoming distressing situations that interfere with everyday life and cause pain. Said psychotherapies have gained more relevance in Argentina in recent years. Their development and institutionalization continued during the first decades of the new millennium. By the late 1990s, there were social and economic transformations that modified people's lives and produced different types of suffering. In addition, that scenario was set with subjectivity models based on the importance of being autonomous and responsible in different spheres of daily life (including healthcare). Accordingly, current social imperatives such as "you can do it" or "give it another try" become values linked to personal realization that are assimilated by these psychotherapies through techniques such as exposure. In that respect, this article aims at analyzing exposure as a psychological technology with evidence-based epistemological presuppositions and problem-solving models based on the subjects' individual commitment. Unlike most social-anthropological studies that connect the notion of exposure to that of risk, from a cognitive behavioral standpoint, self-exposing and overcoming the cause of distress is associated with a successful therapeutic process. This study used a qualitative methodology, and the technique was the analysis drawn from 30 semi-structured interviews with cognitive behavioral psychologists from the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The trustworthiness of the cumulative knowledge in industrial/organizational psychology: The current state of affairs and a path forward.

The goal of industrial/organizational (IO) psychology, is to build and organize trustworthy knowledge about people-related phenomena in the workplace. Unfortunately, as with other scientific disciplines, our discipline may be experiencing a "crisis of confidence" stemming from the lack of reproducibility and replicability of many of our field's research findings, which would suggest that much of our research may be untrustworthy. If a scientific discipline's research is deemed untrustworthy, it can have dire consequences, including the withdraw of funding for future research. In this focal article, we review the current state of reproducibility and replicability in IO psychology and related fields. As part of this review, we discuss factors that make it less likely that research findings will be trustworthy, including the prevalence of scientific misconduct, questionable research practices (QRPs), and errors. We then identify some root causes of these issues and provide several potential remedies. In particular, we highlight the need for improved research methods and statistics training as well as a re-alignment of the incentive structure in academia. To accomplish this, we advocate for changes in the reward structure, improvements to the peer review process, and the implementation of open science practices. Overall, addressing the current "crisis of confidence" in IO psychology requires individual researchers, academic institutions, and publishers to embrace system-wide change.

Is scientific knowledge socially constructed? A Bayesian account of Laboratory Life.

In the book Laboratory Life Latour and Woolgar present an account of how scientific "facts" are formed through a process of microsocial interactions among individuals and "inscription devices" in the lab initially described as social construction. The process moves through a series of steps during which the details and nature of the object become more and more certain until all qualifications are dropped, and the "fact" emerges as secure scientific knowledge. An alternative to this account is described based on a Bayesian probabilistic framework which arrives at the same end point. The motive force for the constructivist approach appears to involve social processes of convincing colleagues while the Bayesian approach relies on the consistency of theory and evidence as judged by the participants. The role of social processes is discussed in Bayesian terms, the acquisition and asymmetry of information, and its analogy to puzzle solving. Some parallels between the Bayesian and constructivist accounts are noted especially in relation to information theory.

Scientific Knowledge Graph of Dysmenorrhea: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2001 to 2021.

Purpose: This study aims to help researchers master the most active hotspots and trends quickly through bibliometric analysis in the field of dysmenorrhea. Methods: We retrieved literature on Web of Science from 2001 to 2021, and bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace was used in combination with VOSviewer. Results: We finally acquired 944 papers and an upward trend in articles continued in this field overall. Through the map, China contributed the most, followed by the USA and Turkey. For institutions, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine in China contributed the most, followed by National Yang-Ming University in Taiwan, China. Hsieh JC and Hellman KM were both the most prolific authors with 14 articles. Five major research groups, respectively, with Hsieh JC, Hellman KM, Zhu J, Liang F and Dun W were the key group. Dawood MY was the most dominant author and most frequently cited author. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Journal was the most productive, and the Fertility and Sterility Journal was the most cited. Advances in pathogenesis and management for primary dysmenorrhea written by Dawood MY was most cited and influential. Pathophysiology, the potential central mechanism, syndrome, evaluation index, diagnosis of adenomyosis-associated dysmenorrhea, treatment, etc., were the main trends and hotspots. Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea research has received a lot of attention from scholars. Strengthening international cooperation may promote the development of this field. The pathophysiology of dysmenorrhea, its impact on public health and its treatment are current research hotspots and are likely to be the focus of future study.

Varieties of improvement expertise: Knowledge and contestation in health-care improvement.

The 'improvement' of health care is now established and growing as a field of research and practice. This article, based on qualitative data from interviews with 21 senior leaders in this field, analyses the growth of improvement expertise as not simply an expansion but also a multiplication of 'ways of knowing'. It illustrates how health-care improvement is an area where contests about relevant kinds of knowledge, approaches and purposes proliferate and intersect. One dimension of this story relates to the increasing relevance of sociological expertise-both as a disciplinary contributor to this arena of research and practice and as a spur to reflexive critique. The analysis highlights the threat of persistent hierarchies within improvement expertise reproducing and amplifying restricted conceptions of both improvement and 'better' health care.

THE BRAZILIAN BIOLOGY OLYMPIAD: THE "X" OF THE QUESTION / OLIMPÍADA BRASILEIRA DE BIOLOGIA: O "X" DA QUESTÃO

A Olimpíada Brasileira de Biologia (OBB) há 11 anos vem sendo realizada como forma de motivação do espírito competitivo e estímulo ao conhecimento pelas ciências biológicas para alunos do ensino médio. Desta forma, este trabalho visou apresentar os resultados das compilações das provas da primeira e segunda etapa de seleção da OBB, com o intuito de verificar quais temas são mais procurados, como se estruturam as provas e quais as tendências mais relevantes que podem colaborar com a ação escolar nessa do docente para preparar seus discentes competição. Como resultados pode-se observar que os temas envolvendo Ecologia, Bioquímica, Corpo Humano e Botânica são os maissolicitados nas provas. Essa constatação direciona a importância que essas áreas constituem para o planejamento da prática docente em relação à Biologia disciplinar. Questões contextualizadas também foram evidenciadas como recorrentes, direcionando para uma preparação de conteúdos mais vinculados com a realidade do aluno. Percebe-se que as principais tendências para as provas da OBB obedecem preferencialmente alguns eixos dentro da Biologia e a contextualização é uma abordagem mais importante para apresentação dos conteúdos.

Há onze anos a Olimpíada Brasileira de Biologia (BBO) é realizada como forma de motivar o espírito competitivo e estimular o conhecimento pelas ciências biológicas para alunos do ensino médio. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar os resultados das compilações das provas da primeira e segunda fase da seleção do BBO, a fim de verificar quais temas têm sido mais observados, como têm sido fortes esses testes do BBO e quais têm sido as mais tendências importantes que podem colaborar com as atividades escolares dos professores para preparar seus alunos nesta competição. Como resultados podemos observar que as disciplinas envolvendo Ecologia, Bioquímica, Corpo Humano e Botânica têm sido as mais solicitadas nestas provas.Essa constatação mostra o quanto essas áreas têm sido importantes para o planejamento da prática docente em relação à Biologia disciplinar. Questões contextualizadas também foram destacadas como recorrentes, apontadas para uma elaboração de conteúdos mais ligados à realidade do aluno. Percebeu-se que as principais tendências dos testes BBO têm obedecido preferencialmente a alguns eixos dentro da Biologia, e a contextualização tem sido uma abordagem importante para a apresentação dos conteúdos.

Enabling the Voices of Marginalized Groups of People in Theoretical Business Ethics Research.

The paper addresses an understudied but highly relevant group of people within corporate organizations and society in general-the marginalized-as well as their narration, and criticism, of personal lived experiences of marginalization in business. They are conventionally perceived to lack traditional forms of power such as public influence, formal authority, education, money, and political positions; however, they still possess the resources to impact their situations, their circumstances, and the structures that determine their situations. Business ethics researchers seldom consider marginalized people's voices and experiences as resources to understand their lives, as demonstrated through a review of 7500 articles published in the Journal of Business Ethics and Business Ethics Quarterly (2000-2019). Only 78 studies included aspects of marginalized groups. 69 of those studies discussed the topic of marginalized groups of people, but without integrating their explicit voices into the text. Only 9 of the 78 articles featured marginalized people's explicit voices about their marginalization experiences incorporated into the text as a source for exploration. None of the identified studies discussed the potential for theorizing based on such voices. This paper contributes to business ethics theory by developing four theoretical possibilities vis-à-vis the critical voices of marginalized people's experiences in business: (a) marginalized theory on critical agency and freedom of speech; (b) the gatekeeping role of academia; (c) primary sources; and (d) a participative perspective. Discussing the theoretical potential of quoting the above voices can enrich business ethics research in terms of the theoretical understanding of marginalized groups in business.

Hotspot， frontier and trend of communicable diseases prevention and control research in China in the past 30 years： an analysis based on bibliometrics and scientific knowledge atlas / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveBy using bibliometrics and scientific knowledge mapping technology， this study systematically combs and visually analyzes the research hotspots， frontiers and trends of infectious disease prevention and control in China in the past 30 years， summarizes the research direction in this field， combs the knowledge structure， and provides guidance and reference for subsequent research. MethodsThe databases of CNKI and Wanfang were searched by （"infectious diseases" or " communicable diseases"） and "prevention and control" not "chronic diseases"， The bibliometric software VOSviewer 1.68 and CiteSpace 5.8.3 were used to analyze the co-occurrence network of scientific knowledge maps from the keywords， emerging words， research authors， institutions and other aspects， and summarized the research hotspots， frontiers and trends in the field of infectious disease prevention and control in China. ResultsA total of 10 777 literatures were retrieved， and 7 676 literatures were included after screening. From the perspective of research trend， the number of published literatures in the field of infectious disease prevention and control in China showed an overall upward trend， and the number of studies was closely related to the outbreak of infectious diseases. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has played a leading role in the research. In terms of researchers' cooperation， Hao Mo， Li Chengyue， Wang Ying and others from Fudan University were the main researchers' cooperation teams. Tu Wenxiao， Meng Ling and Xiang Nijuan from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were the main researchers. Wang Quanyi， Li Xinyu， Wang Xiaoli from the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention were the main researchers' research teams. Yang Zhicong， Li Meixia， Luo Lei and other research teams from Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention have formed a relatively obvious cooperation network. Analysis of the keyword cluster atlas showed that the articles related to the prevention and control of infectious diseases mainly were focused on the epidemiology of new coronavirus infection （new infectious diseases）， school infectious diseases， common infectious diseases， and the related research of vector infectious diseases. The analysis of salient words indicated the research focus and trend change in different time periods. At present， the research focus and frontier in the field of infectious diseases are mainly concentrated in the field of prevention and control of new infectious diseases， such as the monitoring， early warning， reporting， emergency management， laws and regulations of the new coronavirus infection. ConclusionOur country attaches great importance to the prevention and control of infectious diseases， with extensive and in-depth research hotspots. In particular， research on emerging infectious diseases has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. With the application of molecular biology， big data， AI and other technologies in the field of infectious disease prevention and control， China's infectious disease prevention and control capabilities will be greatly improved. At the same time， it is necessary to strengthen the linkage between universities， disease control institutions， and medical institutions， and establish and improve a long-term normal prevention and control mechanism.

La respuesta a las epidemias en los siglos XIX y XX: un estudio comparado entre Portugal y Chile / [The response to epidemics in the 19th and 20th centuries: a comparative study between Portugal and Chile]

En tiempos de crisis sanitarias como las que ocurrieron en Portugal en 1854-56, 1899 y 1918, especialmente en Oporto, donde el cólera morbus, la peste bubónica, el tifo exantemático, la gripe neumónica y la viruela mataron a un alto porcentaje de la población, las imágenes de las epidemias en los periódicos y en la literatura científica de la época nos permiten conocer el estado de la ciencia y las respuestas de las autoridades para controlar su difusión. La comparación de estas epidemias en Portugal con las de Chile —cólera 1886-88, peste en Valparaíso y Iquique en 1903 y gripe en 1918— en la bibliografía y en algunos periódicos de época nos muestran las semejanzas del conocimiento científico y de las medidas sanitarias aplicadas. Esto nos confirma la circulación del conocimiento médico y farmacéutico y el alto nivel de especialización de los médicos y científicos. (AU)

A "transmission gap" between research and practice? A Q-methodology study of perceptions of the application of attachment theory among clinicians working with children and among attachment researchers.

Clinical practitioners are frequently encouraged, through literature, training, and policy, to learn, understand, refer to and use their knowledge of attachment theory and research when working to meet the needs of children and families. However, there has been very little empirical study of how practitioners understand and perceive the relevance of attachment concepts and methods. Q-methodology was used to examine the perceptions of attachment knowledge and its applications for practice among 30 UK clinicians working with children and an international group of 31 attachment researchers. Factor analysis revealed three perspectives, described as: i) pragmatic, developmental, and uncertain, ii) academic, and iii) autodidactic and therapeutic. Participants agreed on core tenants of theory, their aspirations for clinical practice and the inaccessibility of current assessment measures for practitioners. Yet they diverged on their understandings of attachment insecurity, disorganisation, and the implications of both for various aspects of child development.

Understanding, Trusting, and Applying Scientific Insights to Improve Your Health: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach.

Various leading causes of death can be prevented or delayed through informed decision-making and lifestyle changes. Previous work has, to some extent, linked such health-promoting behavior (HPB) with variables capturing individuals' understanding of science, trust in science, and capacity to apply evidence-based information in the health context. However, empirical research on the relationship between scientific knowledge, trust in science, health literacy, and HPB is scarce. Additionally, no study has investigated whether these characteristics interact to form homogeneous, high-risk subgroups of the population. The present online study (N = 705) revealed that trust in science and health literacy were positively related to a wide array of HPBs (e.g., healthy nutrition, physical activity, stress management), while scientific knowledge was only positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention. Furthermore, the results of latent profile analyses yielded four subgroups (i.e., low, moderate, and high levels of all three variables and a varied profile exhibiting very low trust in science, low health literacy, and moderate scientific knowledge). The identified subgroups differ significantly in HPB and variables determining profile membership (e.g., political conservatism). Hence, the present study offers some guidance on which groups may be targeted with public health campaigns and how they may be designed.

Renewing and improving the environmental risk assessment of chemicals.

The processes underpinning the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of chemicals have not changed appreciably in the last 30 years. It is unclear how successful these processes are in protecting the environment from any adverse effects of chemicals. To ascertain if the current methodology can be improved, and if so, how, we invited experts to suggest how the current ERA process could be improved. They were not asked to select from a list of suggestions. The 36 experts made 109 suggestions for improvement, which could be grouped into 33 categories. The category that received the most support, from 12 experts, was to utilise a broader range of scientific information, including all up-to-date information, in ERAs. The second most popular category, supported by 10 experts, was the suggestion to regulate mixtures of chemicals; the current regulatory process involves chemical-by-chemical assessment. Two quite radical proposals were suggested. One was to replace the regulator with artificial intelligence. The other was to establish a new competent authority that would appoint groups of experts, each including representatives of the range of stakeholders, to decide which studies were required, commission those studies, then conduct the ERA based on the results of those studies. These two radical proposals, which the authors support strongly, are not necessarily mutually exclusive. We conclude that the present ERA process could be improved to better protect the environment from the myriad of chemicals in use.

Socially Extended Scientific Knowledge.

A three-tiered account of social cognition is set out-along with the corresponding variety of social knowledge that results from this social cognition-and applied to the special case of scientific collaboration. The first tier is socially-facilitated cognition, which results in socially-facilitated knowledge. This is a form of cognition which, while genuinely social (in that social factors play an important explanatory role in producing the target cognitive success), falls short of socially extended cognition. The second tier is socially extended cognition, which generates socially extended knowledge. This form of cognition is social in the specific sense of the information-processing of other agents forms part of the socially extended cognitive process at issue. It is argued, however, that the core notion of socially extended cognition is individual in nature, in that the target cognitive success is significantly creditable to the socially extended cognitive agency of the individual. Socially extended cognition, in its core sense, thus generates individual knowledge. Finally, there is distributed cognition, which generates distributed knowledge. This is where the cognitive successes produced by a research team are attributable to a group agent rather than to individuals within the team. Accordingly, where this form of social cognition generates knowledge (distributed knowledge), the knowledge is irreducibly group knowledge. It is argued that by making clear this three-tiered structure of social scientific knowledge a prima facie challenge is posed for defenders of distributed scientific cognition and knowledge to explain why this form of social knowledge is being exhibited and not one of the two weaker (and metaphysically less demanding) forms of social knowledge.